Justice Syed Hasan Azhar Rizvi was born on 2 February 1962 in Karachi. His late father, Syed Ali Azhar Rizvi, was a prominent member of the Central Committee of the All India Muslim Students Federation and held several important positions within the organisation in Uttar Pradesh and Lucknow, India; he actively participated in the Pakistan Movement and later served the Government of Pakistan with distinction in the Cabinet Secretariat, holding a highly important and sensitive position before his retirement.

Justice Rizvi initially obtained a Bachelor’s degree in Science and subsequently pursued legal studies. After completing his LL.B., he further enhanced his academic credentials by obtaining an LL.M. degree.

He commenced his legal practice in 1988 under the mentorship of his uncle, Syed Izhar Haider Rizvi, a distinguished Senior Advocate, renowned educationalist, and author of several authoritative books on law. He was enrolled as an Advocate of the Lower Courts on 8 October 1988, as an Advocate of the High Courts on 1 December 1990, and later as an Advocate of the Supreme Court of Pakistan on 18 January 2003.

He has served as Legal Advisor/Advocate for multiple state organisations, a few of them are the National Bank of Pakistan, the Karachi Port Trust, and the Port Qasim Authority, Karachi.

In addition to litigation, he also undertook advisory work as part of his practice. He has served as an advisor to the Karachi Electric Supply Corporation and a retainer to the Balochistan Particle Board Limited, the Habib & Sons (Pvt.) Limited and the Partico (Pvt.) Limited etc. He was also a part-time lecturer at the Law Department of Federal Government Urdu Law College (presently Urdu University), Karachi.

He was elevated to the Bench at the High Court of Sindh on 18 February 2010. He mostly decided cases pertaining to commercial, banking, civil, tax, criminal, intellectual property and services matters. He was entrusted with additional administrative duties by various Chief Justices of the said High Court. The following are a few of the committees on which he served:

• Chairman – Selection Committee for Promotion

• Chairman – Rule Committee (Civil)

• Chairman – Development Committee

• Chairman – Committee to Determine Inter-Se Seniority of Judges

• Chairman – Clinic Committee

• Member – Administration Committee

• Member –Selection Board

In addition to the above-mentioned committees, he was also designated as the Inspection Judge of the Commercial Courts, Environmental Protection Tribunals, and Anti-Corruption Courts in the Province of Sindh, with the responsibility to supervise and monitor their performance as well as the standard of their judicial work.

In October 2017, while serving as a Judge of the High Court of Sindh, he participated in the Regional Collegium on the Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights for Judges of Higher Courts, held in Tokyo, Japan, and organised by the World Intellectual Property Organisation.

During 2021–2022, he supervised and monitored the conduct of the MCQ test and the written examinations held for the appointment of the Civil Judges in the Province of Sindh.

He was elevated to the Supreme Court of Pakistan on 11 November 2022. During his tenure of more than three years at the Supreme Court of Pakistan, he adjudicated a wide range of cases involving constitutional, civil, criminal, and service matters. Pursuant to the Constitution (Twenty-Sixth Amendment) Act, 2024, he was nominated by the Judicial Commission of Pakistan as a member of the Constitutional Bench of the Supreme Court of Pakistan.

As a member of the Constitutional Bench, he had the privilege of hearing several historic cases of profound constitutional significance, including matters relating to the vires of the Supreme Court (Practice and Procedure) Act, 2023, the NAB Amendments Case, the Bhutto Reference, and the trial of civilians by military courts.

On 14 November 2025, he was appointed as a Judge of the Federal Constitutional Court of Pakistan. Being the senior-most Judge of the FCCP, he is a member of the Judicial Commission of Pakistan as well as the Supreme Judicial Council of Pakistan.